Metallurgy And Iron Pillar Of Delhi
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EXAMIVERSE
Ancient Indian Metallurgy 🔧
🕰️ Timeline
- Evidence of copper smelting: ~6000 BCE (Mehrgarh)
- Iron usage: ~1800 BCE (Ganga Valley excavations)
- Wootz steel production: ~300 BCE onwards (South India)
⚙️ Key Features
- Mastery of forge welding, casting, and crucible steel techniques
- Production of high-carbon steel (Wootz), exported to Rome and Arabia
- Use of natural alloys and carbon infusion for durability
- Metallurgy integrated with Ayurveda, architecture, and weaponry
🧪 Materials Used
| Metal | Use Cases |
|---|---|
| Copper | Tools, ornaments, vessels |
| Iron | Weapons, pillars, agricultural |
| Gold/Silver | Coins, jewelry, religious items |
| Wootz Steel | Blades, surgical instruments |