Rise Of Magadha Empire

Socio-economic and Administrative Innovations

• Revenue System: Land taxes (bhāga), customs duties, systematic record-keeping.
• Military Structure: Professional standing army, war chariots, mass infantry.
• Urbanization: Growth of fortified cities, development of trade centers in Bihar and Bengal.
• Cultural Patronage: Support for Buddhism and Jainism, establishment of councils and monastic orders.